Aang Yogya
WHAT IS WiMAX
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) technology is an evolution of Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) previously. When the previous BWA technology is still proprietary, the open-standard WiMAX technology. In the sense of communication between several WiMAX devices how many different vendors can still be done (not proprietary). WiMAX technology development occurs in several stages of evolution or experience. In accordance with the standardization, said that WiMAX technology is set within the IEEE 802.16 standard. The Standard is divided into several categories namely the IEEE 802.16a standard for BWA are not open standards or commonly called the Pre-WiMAX. Further standards. This developed into the IEEE 802.16d standard for WiMAX fixed / nomadic. While for Mobile WiMAX will be regulated in the IEEE 802.16e standard that has been ratified by the end of 2005.
In addition to evolution in side access capabilities, there is also evolution in the CPE side. In the initial phase, the device in the form of Fixed WiMAX Outdoor CPE, then evolved into a Fixed Indoor, portability (nomadic) and mobile. Fixed the device Outdoor CPE is a device consisting of two outdoor units which consist of radio and antenna and an indoor unit which is a terminal interface to the customer. Indoor Fixed type, CPE device consists of only one indoor unit which is comprised of a radio, antenna and user interface ports. Generally in this type, the user can install his own CPE devices (self installation). The next stage, the CPE device is not an independent device but incorporated in the customer terminals such as laptops and PDAs. At this stage, portable WiMAX CPE has been installed permanently in the terminal as Wi-Fi CPE. Last is a mobile device. The added advantage is the ability of higher portability than a more compact size of the terminal. At this stage of the WiMAX terminal devices are mobile devices. Given the evolution in the development of WiMAX CPE, it is automatically also affects the market being targeted
WiMAX Applications
WiMAX can be used to backhaul WiMAX itself, backhaul backhaul Hotspot and other technologies. In the context of WiMAX as the backhaul of WiMAX applications similar to the BTS as a repeater function to extend the reach of WiMAX. While other technology as a backhaul, WiMAX can be used for cellular backhaul. If too many hotspots typically use ADSL lines as backhaulnya, but due to limitations of cable networks, it can be used as a backhaul WiMAX hotspot. WiMAX can be used as the "Last Mile" broadband technology to serve the needs of our customers. From residential and business customers can be satisfied by this WiMAX technology. WiMAX as a provider of personal broadband services can be utilized for market share are two two who are nomadic and mobile. For nomadic solution, it is normally the level of displacement of the WiMAX user and even if they do not often move in a low speed. Devices were usually not sesimpel for mobile applications. For mobile applications, users perform mobility WiMAX service like using WiFi terminals such as notebooks, PDAs or smartphones.
Network Architecture
One example of a configuration designation of WiMAX as Access solutions service providers such as described. From the above explanation, while it can be concluded that WiMAX is a technology that has a good ability in terms of data speeds, applications for users and network flexibility. However the other side still needs to be studied in its implementation.
ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY
If at the beginning of an era that passed the data communication network without wires (wireless) both mobile and fixed it is a short message service (SMS), GPRS or CDMA2000 1X data, mobile banking application and then download the content for the coming decade is estimated to broadband services will become needs of the most desirable customers. From various studies by consultants and service institutions in industrialized countries these services are 3G (third generation), Internet services in wireless networks, mobile TV, mobile video on demand and mobile video conferencing services. Will be a thin difference between the services provided by the wireline network with a wireless network.
Global Spectrum Allocation
WiMAX is a new global standard so that at a global level is still needed kesepaktan together for spectrum allocation. Each country through its regulation are now more intensive look at WiMAX as a core vital utilities. That's why the regulators busy aligning the WiMAX frequency allocation with the existing frequency allocations. The table below summarizes the allocation of frequencies that can be used by WiMAX operators worldwide.
Aspects of Regulation
Because the frequency of WiMAX is a new frequency, then any government in any country through regulatornya is busy determining the WiMAX frequency allocation should be adjusted with the existing frequency. Indonesia is undergoing a serious debate for this allocation. Government through the Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication issued a white paper about the arrangement for the operation of BWA frequencies among the frequency 2.3 GHz, 2.4 GHz, 2.5 GHz, 3.3 GHz and 3.5 GHz.
Satellite and Satellite Operators Association of Indonesia (ASI) strongly disagree with the proposed WiMAX frequency bands allocated in 3.5 GHz, because it has long been occupied for the use of satellite service frequency. According to the ITU frequency is defined as the frequency of fixed satellite services (fixed satellite services) to link the sky to earth. Satellite is already using these frequencies is the TELKOM-1 satellite (PT Telkom) and the Palapa Satellite-2 (PT Pacific Satellite Nusantara / PSN) which is generally used for VSAT and DTH services.
Regulator in 2000, has issued regulations that this frequency can be shared for the use of BWA and satellite. But the operation was largely found in interference complaints received by the satellite service earth stations. To that end the allocation of 25 MHz wide channels in 3.5 GHz frequency eventually reduced to just 5 MHz. And now the government will auction permits the operating frequency of BWA in the 2.3 GHz band for the Indonesia-based regional as many as three blocks with each block of 15 MHz. In the world's most lots frequency band selected by the service operates in 3.5 GHz, which means that devices that work in this frequency band will be more expensive than devices that operate at other frequencies including 2.3 GHz.
General Ability
In general the ability of WiMAX can be analyzed as follows:
1. Hand-off capability: Specifically for Portable and Mobile WiMAX. A seamless handoff will be difficult because of the WiMAX core network components are not designed from scratch as a mobile system.
2. Power Control: It takes a good power control on the reverse link to provide feedback to the transmitter about the speed of data that can be received by the receiver. The WiMAX technology based power control message is still weak.
3. Battery power consumption: State Idle duty cycle used in the WiMAX system 9-14 times higher than that used in 3G cellular systems so that sleep mode operation, which is used to save battery becomes less efficient so lavishly
Excess
1. WiMAX is a wireless acess broadband technology that offers an open standard, with fixed and mobile applications (portable).
2. Regional-based WiMAX licenses, so that's not such a national 3G license costs cheaper and more easily acceptable to the market eventually.
3. WiMAX terminals will be embedded in consumer goods, such as notebook computers, smart phones and PDAs. Since it is supported by many parties that authorization level more quickly accepted the possibility of WiMAX market.
Shortage
1. Because the use of high frequency spectrum band, the WiMAX service coverage is smaller than the 3G, so the number of base stations required to cover the same area takes more number of base stations.
2. WiMAX frequency spectrum allocations require adjustments to the existing frequency allocations in each country. Certain cases the frequency allocation caused the price of the device becomes expensive.
3. Ability; WiMAX for mobility will be not as good as cellular systems and battery consumption would be more wasteful.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Government must be firm issued a regulation ordering the WiMAX frequencies in order not to overlap tindah against the existing telecommunications network. 3.5 GHz frequency shift that has been used satellite operators for allocation of BWA frequencies would be bad to the country, because the search for a replacement satellite frequency spectrum is more difficult than terrestrial frequencies.
2. Governments should encourage the creation of telecommunications and information society by facilitating the deployment of WiMAX in Indonesia, because the system is relatively cheap so that more may be held by small operators.
3. BWA operators should consider the scope of services in accordance with customer demand precisely because it would not be needed if the number of base stations that much that investment is not efficient.
WHAT IS WiMAX
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) technology is an evolution of Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) previously. When the previous BWA technology is still proprietary, the open-standard WiMAX technology. In the sense of communication between several WiMAX devices how many different vendors can still be done (not proprietary). WiMAX technology development occurs in several stages of evolution or experience. In accordance with the standardization, said that WiMAX technology is set within the IEEE 802.16 standard. The Standard is divided into several categories namely the IEEE 802.16a standard for BWA are not open standards or commonly called the Pre-WiMAX. Further standards. This developed into the IEEE 802.16d standard for WiMAX fixed / nomadic. While for Mobile WiMAX will be regulated in the IEEE 802.16e standard that has been ratified by the end of 2005.
In addition to evolution in side access capabilities, there is also evolution in the CPE side. In the initial phase, the device in the form of Fixed WiMAX Outdoor CPE, then evolved into a Fixed Indoor, portability (nomadic) and mobile. Fixed the device Outdoor CPE is a device consisting of two outdoor units which consist of radio and antenna and an indoor unit which is a terminal interface to the customer. Indoor Fixed type, CPE device consists of only one indoor unit which is comprised of a radio, antenna and user interface ports. Generally in this type, the user can install his own CPE devices (self installation). The next stage, the CPE device is not an independent device but incorporated in the customer terminals such as laptops and PDAs. At this stage, portable WiMAX CPE has been installed permanently in the terminal as Wi-Fi CPE. Last is a mobile device. The added advantage is the ability of higher portability than a more compact size of the terminal. At this stage of the WiMAX terminal devices are mobile devices. Given the evolution in the development of WiMAX CPE, it is automatically also affects the market being targeted
WiMAX Applications
WiMAX can be used to backhaul WiMAX itself, backhaul backhaul Hotspot and other technologies. In the context of WiMAX as the backhaul of WiMAX applications similar to the BTS as a repeater function to extend the reach of WiMAX. While other technology as a backhaul, WiMAX can be used for cellular backhaul. If too many hotspots typically use ADSL lines as backhaulnya, but due to limitations of cable networks, it can be used as a backhaul WiMAX hotspot. WiMAX can be used as the "Last Mile" broadband technology to serve the needs of our customers. From residential and business customers can be satisfied by this WiMAX technology. WiMAX as a provider of personal broadband services can be utilized for market share are two two who are nomadic and mobile. For nomadic solution, it is normally the level of displacement of the WiMAX user and even if they do not often move in a low speed. Devices were usually not sesimpel for mobile applications. For mobile applications, users perform mobility WiMAX service like using WiFi terminals such as notebooks, PDAs or smartphones.
Network Architecture
One example of a configuration designation of WiMAX as Access solutions service providers such as described. From the above explanation, while it can be concluded that WiMAX is a technology that has a good ability in terms of data speeds, applications for users and network flexibility. However the other side still needs to be studied in its implementation.
ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY
If at the beginning of an era that passed the data communication network without wires (wireless) both mobile and fixed it is a short message service (SMS), GPRS or CDMA2000 1X data, mobile banking application and then download the content for the coming decade is estimated to broadband services will become needs of the most desirable customers. From various studies by consultants and service institutions in industrialized countries these services are 3G (third generation), Internet services in wireless networks, mobile TV, mobile video on demand and mobile video conferencing services. Will be a thin difference between the services provided by the wireline network with a wireless network.
Global Spectrum Allocation
WiMAX is a new global standard so that at a global level is still needed kesepaktan together for spectrum allocation. Each country through its regulation are now more intensive look at WiMAX as a core vital utilities. That's why the regulators busy aligning the WiMAX frequency allocation with the existing frequency allocations. The table below summarizes the allocation of frequencies that can be used by WiMAX operators worldwide.
Aspects of Regulation
Because the frequency of WiMAX is a new frequency, then any government in any country through regulatornya is busy determining the WiMAX frequency allocation should be adjusted with the existing frequency. Indonesia is undergoing a serious debate for this allocation. Government through the Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication issued a white paper about the arrangement for the operation of BWA frequencies among the frequency 2.3 GHz, 2.4 GHz, 2.5 GHz, 3.3 GHz and 3.5 GHz.
Satellite and Satellite Operators Association of Indonesia (ASI) strongly disagree with the proposed WiMAX frequency bands allocated in 3.5 GHz, because it has long been occupied for the use of satellite service frequency. According to the ITU frequency is defined as the frequency of fixed satellite services (fixed satellite services) to link the sky to earth. Satellite is already using these frequencies is the TELKOM-1 satellite (PT Telkom) and the Palapa Satellite-2 (PT Pacific Satellite Nusantara / PSN) which is generally used for VSAT and DTH services.
Regulator in 2000, has issued regulations that this frequency can be shared for the use of BWA and satellite. But the operation was largely found in interference complaints received by the satellite service earth stations. To that end the allocation of 25 MHz wide channels in 3.5 GHz frequency eventually reduced to just 5 MHz. And now the government will auction permits the operating frequency of BWA in the 2.3 GHz band for the Indonesia-based regional as many as three blocks with each block of 15 MHz. In the world's most lots frequency band selected by the service operates in 3.5 GHz, which means that devices that work in this frequency band will be more expensive than devices that operate at other frequencies including 2.3 GHz.
General Ability
In general the ability of WiMAX can be analyzed as follows:
1. Hand-off capability: Specifically for Portable and Mobile WiMAX. A seamless handoff will be difficult because of the WiMAX core network components are not designed from scratch as a mobile system.
2. Power Control: It takes a good power control on the reverse link to provide feedback to the transmitter about the speed of data that can be received by the receiver. The WiMAX technology based power control message is still weak.
3. Battery power consumption: State Idle duty cycle used in the WiMAX system 9-14 times higher than that used in 3G cellular systems so that sleep mode operation, which is used to save battery becomes less efficient so lavishly
Excess
1. WiMAX is a wireless acess broadband technology that offers an open standard, with fixed and mobile applications (portable).
2. Regional-based WiMAX licenses, so that's not such a national 3G license costs cheaper and more easily acceptable to the market eventually.
3. WiMAX terminals will be embedded in consumer goods, such as notebook computers, smart phones and PDAs. Since it is supported by many parties that authorization level more quickly accepted the possibility of WiMAX market.
Shortage
1. Because the use of high frequency spectrum band, the WiMAX service coverage is smaller than the 3G, so the number of base stations required to cover the same area takes more number of base stations.
2. WiMAX frequency spectrum allocations require adjustments to the existing frequency allocations in each country. Certain cases the frequency allocation caused the price of the device becomes expensive.
3. Ability; WiMAX for mobility will be not as good as cellular systems and battery consumption would be more wasteful.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Government must be firm issued a regulation ordering the WiMAX frequencies in order not to overlap tindah against the existing telecommunications network. 3.5 GHz frequency shift that has been used satellite operators for allocation of BWA frequencies would be bad to the country, because the search for a replacement satellite frequency spectrum is more difficult than terrestrial frequencies.
2. Governments should encourage the creation of telecommunications and information society by facilitating the deployment of WiMAX in Indonesia, because the system is relatively cheap so that more may be held by small operators.
3. BWA operators should consider the scope of services in accordance with customer demand precisely because it would not be needed if the number of base stations that much that investment is not efficient.
